who / which / that
规则关系代词(who/which/that)引导描述名词(先行词)的从句。who 指人,which 指物,that 两者皆可。
好奇
如何把「The candidate was hired.」与「The candidate speaks French.」合成一句?
直觉
关系代词替代重复的名词,把描述性从句连到该名词上。它指回先行词。
可视化
看成分:先行词与关系代词高亮,其余是修饰名词的从句。关系是「who → 指 the candidate」。
关系代词把描述从句连到先行词。
The candidatewhospeaks Frenchwas hired
本质
who(人·主格)、whom(人·宾格)、which(物)、that(人/物,逗号或介词后不可)、whose(所属)。关系代词作从句宾语时可省略。TOEIC 考查 who、which、whose 的区分。
例句
The employee who speaks three languages was promoted.
会三种语言的那位员工获得了晋升。
The building which was renovated last year is ours.
去年翻修的那栋楼是我们的。
This is the report that I mentioned earlier.
这就是我之前提到的报告。
小测验
「We hired a consultant ___ has ten years of experience.」填哪个?