Vegetative organs are essential for plant survival
🎯 Exam Key Points
①Xylem: water + minerals, root→leaf, inside
②Phloem: sugars, leaf→root, outside
③Transpiration releases vapor through stomata
④Stomata: opened/closed by guard cells; mostly on underside
⑤Root hairs: maximize surface area for absorption
Examples and Unit Test
Example 1
What is the channel that carries water and minerals absorbed by the roots up to the leaves, and the channel that carries the organic nutrients made in the leaves?
1
The xylem carries water and minerals from the roots up to the leaves.
2
The phloem carries the organic nutrients (such as glucose) made in the leaves downward to the roots and other parts.
The xylem moves water and minerals upward; the phloem moves organic nutrients downward.
Example 2
What is the process where water inside a plant escapes as vapor through the stomata of the leaves, and what is its role?
1
The process where water escapes as vapor through the stomata of the leaves is called transpiration.
2
Transpiration provides the driving force that pulls water absorbed by the roots upward, and it lowers the temperature of the leaves.
▸ Transpiration / it pulls water up and cools the leaves
Transpiration releases vapor through the stomata and drives the upward movement of water.
Unit-test style
Which statement about plant vegetative organs is correct?
①The xylem carries organic nutrients from the leaves to the roots
②The phloem carries the organic nutrients made in the leaves
③The leaf is the organ that absorbs water and minerals
④Transpiration occurs in the roots
⑤Flowers and fruits are vegetative organs
▸ ② The phloem carries the organic nutrients made in the leaves
1
The phloem carries the organic nutrients made by photosynthesis in the leaves to all parts of the plant.
2
The xylem moves water and minerals upward (①), the roots absorb water and minerals (③), transpiration occurs at the stomata of the leaves (④), and flowers and fruits are reproductive organs (⑤).