Grade 6 (age 11-12)

Weather Forecasting

Each morning we check the forecast to decide on an umbrella. Weather stations measure temperature, humidity, wind, and rain, and read the pressure: high pressure brings clear skies, while low pressure brings clouds and rain. Tap the instruments and drag the humidity and pressure sliders to watch it change.

How Do We Observe Weather?

🌡️ Weather Observation

①Thermometer: temperature (°C)

②Wind vane: wind direction

③Anemometer: wind speed (m/s)

④Rain gauge: precipitation (mm)

⑤Hygrometer: humidity (%)

Clouds & Weather

Humidity40%

☁️ Clouds and Weather

①Higher humidity → more clouds

②More clouds → rain possible

③Clouds are tiny droplets or ice crystals

④Cloud shape and height help predict weather

Reading Weather Maps

Pressure70

🗺️ What is a Weather Map?

①Weather map: pressure, temperature, wind on a map

②High pressure (H): descending air → clear

③Low pressure (L): rising air → cloudy, rain

④Wind: from high to low pressure

⑤Closer isobars → stronger wind

Summary

Weather Observation Elements

Temp + Humidity + Wind + Rain + Pressure = Weather

Combine elements to forecast weather

High vs Low Pressure

High → clear (descending) / Low → cloudy/rain (rising)

Wind blows from high to low pressure

🎯 Key Points

①Tools: thermometer, vane, rain gauge, hygrometer

②Many clouds + high humidity → rain likely

③High pressure: descending air → clear

④Low pressure: rising air → cloudy/rain

⑤Forecasting combines observations

Examples and Unit Test

Example 1

Which weather instrument measures the amount of rain (precipitation)?

Weather observation uses a thermometer (temperature), a wind vane (wind direction), a rain gauge (precipitation), a hygrometer (humidity), and so on.

The instrument that measures the amount of rain (precipitation) is the rain gauge.

▸ A rain gauge

Thermometer = temperature, wind vane = wind direction, rain gauge = precipitation, hygrometer = humidity.

Example 2

Which brings clear weather, high pressure or low pressure, and which way does the wind blow?

High pressure has descending air, so few clouds form and the weather is clear.

Wind blows from high pressure toward low pressure.

▸ High pressure is clear / wind blows high → low

High pressure (descending, clear), low pressure (rising, cloudy/rainy). Wind goes high → low.

Unit-test style

Which statement about weather forecasting is correct?

①A hygrometer measures wind direction

②High pressure has descending air and clear weather

③Low pressure brings clear weather

④Wind blows from low pressure to high pressure

⑤Higher humidity means fewer clouds

▸ ② High pressure has descending air and clear weather

In a high, air descends and clouds scatter, so the weather is clear.

A hygrometer measures humidity (①), a low is cloudy or rainy (③), wind blows from high to low (④), and higher humidity means more clouds (⑤).

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