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Grade 6 (age 11-12)

grade 6 Weather Forecasting

Weather Forecasting

Each morning we check the forecast to decide on an umbrella. A weather office reads temperature with a thermometer, water vapor with a hygrometer, and wind and rain with a vane and a rain gauge. When humidity rises clouds grow; under high pressure air sinks and the sky clears, and under low pressure air rises so it turns cloudy or rainy. Tap the instruments, then change humidity and pressure and the weather comes into view.

How Do We Observe Weather?

🌡️ Weather Observation
①Thermometer: temperature (°C)
②Wind vane: wind direction
③Anemometer: wind speed (m/s)
④Rain gauge: precipitation (mm)
⑤Hygrometer: humidity (%)

Clouds & Weather

40%
☁️ Clouds and Weather
①Higher humidity → more clouds
②More clouds → rain possible
③Clouds are tiny droplets or ice crystals
④Cloud shape and height help predict weather

Reading Weather Maps

70
🗺️ What is a Weather Map?
①Weather map: pressure, temperature, wind on a map
②High pressure (H): descending air → clear
③Low pressure (L): rising air → cloudy, rain
④Wind: from high to low pressure
⑤Closer isobars → stronger wind

Summary

Weather Observation Elements
Temp + Humidity + Wind + Rain + Pressure = Weather
Combine elements to forecast weather
High vs Low Pressure
High → clear (descending) / Low → cloudy/rain (rising)
Wind blows from high to low pressure
🎯 Key Points
①Tools: thermometer, vane, rain gauge, hygrometer
②Many clouds + high humidity → rain likely
③High pressure: descending air → clear
④Low pressure: rising air → cloudy/rain
⑤Forecasting combines observations

Examples and Unit Test

Example 1
Which weather instrument measures the amount of rain (precipitation)?
1
Weather observation uses a thermometer (temperature), a wind vane (wind direction), a rain gauge (precipitation), a hygrometer (humidity), and so on.
2
The instrument that measures the amount of rain (precipitation) is the rain gauge.
▸ A rain gauge
Thermometer = temperature, wind vane = wind direction, rain gauge = precipitation, hygrometer = humidity.
Example 2
Which brings clear weather, high pressure or low pressure, and which way does the wind blow?
1
High pressure has descending air, so few clouds form and the weather is clear.
2
Wind blows from high pressure toward low pressure.
▸ High pressure is clear / wind blows high → low
High pressure (descending, clear), low pressure (rising, cloudy/rainy). Wind goes high → low.
Unit-test style
Which statement about weather forecasting is correct?
①A hygrometer measures wind direction
②High pressure has descending air and clear weather
③Low pressure brings clear weather
④Wind blows from low pressure to high pressure
⑤Higher humidity means fewer clouds
▸ ② High pressure has descending air and clear weather
1
In a high, air descends and clouds scatter, so the weather is clear.
2
A hygrometer measures humidity (①), a low is cloudy or rainy (③), wind blows from high to low (④), and higher humidity means more clouds (⑤).
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