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Grade 6 (age 11-12)

Energy Conversion

Energy Conversion

Energy never disappears; it just keeps changing shape as it works. A bulb turns electrical energy into light, and a car turns fuel's chemical energy into motion. When a ball drops, its potential energy becomes kinetic energy, yet the total stays the same. Here you can follow how devices change energy and how the ball shifts it between forms.

Energy Changes Form
⚡ What is Energy Conversion?
①Energy changes from one form to another
②Bulb: electrical → light + heat
③Car: chemical (fuel) → kinetic
④Plant: light → chemical (food)
Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
Kinetic / Potential / Heat / Light / Electrical / Chemical / Sound
Energy exists in many forms
💡 Forms of Energy
①Kinetic: energy of moving objects
②Potential: energy of objects at height
③Heat: energy of hot objects
④Electrical: energy when current flows
⑤Chemical: stored in food, fuel
Conservation of Energy
80%
🔄 Energy Conservation
①Energy never disappears; only changes form
②High up: high PE, low KE
③Low: low PE, high KE
④Total energy is always the same (conservation)
Summary
Energy Conversion
Energy only changes form; never created or destroyed
Law of Conservation of Energy
Conversion Examples
Elec→Light(bulb) / Chem→Kin(car) / Light→Chem(photo)
Energy conversion happens all around us
🎯 Key Points
①Energy comes in many forms (kinetic, potential, heat, light, electrical, chemical, sound)
②Energy converts from one form to another
③Conservation: total energy is constant
④Ball at height: PE ↔ KE conversion
⑤Efficient use saves resources
Examples and Unit Test
Example 1
When a light bulb turns on, what is the main energy conversion?
1
A bulb gives off light as current flows through it.
2
So electrical energy turns into light energy (some also becomes heat energy).
▸ Electrical energy → light energy (+ heat energy)
Energy only changes form, it does not vanish. A bulb turns electricity into light and heat.
Example 2
A ball is dropped from a height. As it falls, how do its potential energy, kinetic energy, and total energy change?
1
As the height drops, potential energy decreases; as the speed rises, kinetic energy increases.
2
Potential energy converts to kinetic energy, and their sum (total energy) stays constant.
▸ Potential energy down, kinetic energy up, total energy constant (conserved)
Law of conservation of energy: the form changes but the total amount does not.
Unit-test style
Which statement about energy conversion and conservation is correct?
①Energy disappears completely when used
②A bulb converts electrical energy into light energy
③A falling ball loses kinetic energy as it drops
④A car converts kinetic energy into chemical energy
⑤Photosynthesis converts chemical energy into light energy
▸ ② A bulb converts electrical energy into light energy
1
A bulb is a classic example of converting electrical energy into light (and heat) energy.
2
Energy only changes form and is conserved (①), a falling ball gains kinetic energy (③), a car converts chemical to kinetic (④), and photosynthesis converts light to chemical (⑤).
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Use of Electricity
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Levers & Pulleys