Grade 5 (age 10-11)

Weather and Climate

Weather is the sky's day-to-day state, set by temperature, humidity, wind, and clouds. When humidity climbs, clouds build up and rain grows more likely. Climate is the average weather over many years, so Korea has four clear seasons in a temperate climate. Adjust temperature and humidity to build the weather, then step through the months to watch Seoul's temperature change.

Today's Weather

Temperature20 C

Humidity50%

🌤 Factors that Determine Weather

①Temperature: air temperature (measured by thermometer)

②Humidity: water vapor in air (hygrometer)

③Wind: movement of air (vane, anemometer)

④Clouds: water vapor gathered in the sky

Why Do Seasons Change?

Month6

🍂 Korea's Four Seasons

①Spring (Mar–May): warm, flowers bloom

②Summer (Jun–Aug): hot and rainy (jangma)

③Autumn (Sep–Nov): cool, autumn leaves

④Winter (Dec–Feb): cold, snowy

Weather vs Climate

Weather = changes daily / Climate = long-term average

Even if it rains today, Seoul's climate is still 'temperate'

💡 Climate & Our Life

①Climate shapes how we live

②Hot regions: thin clothes, cool houses

③Cold regions: thick clothes, warm houses

④Korea: clearly four-seasoned temperate climate

Summary

Weather & Climate Core

Weather elements: Temperature + Humidity + Wind + Cloud

Weather changes daily; climate is long-term average

🎯 Key Points

①Weather: temperature, clouds, rain, wind on a given day

②Climate: long-term average for a region

③Korea: clearly four seasons (temperate)

④High humidity → high chance of rain

⑤Climate is changing due to global warming

Examples and Unit Test

Example 1

How are weather and climate different?

Weather is the day-to-day state of the atmosphere, like temperature, clouds, rain, and wind.

Climate is the long-term average of weather in a region over many years.

▸ Weather changes daily; climate is the long-term average

Weather is the state on a given day; climate is the long-term average.

Example 2

What is humidity, and what is likely to happen to the weather when humidity is high?

Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air, measured with a hygrometer.

When humidity is high there is more water vapor, so clouds form easily and rain is more likely.

▸ Humidity = amount of water vapor in the air / high humidity makes rain more likely

Humidity is the water vapor in the air; high humidity makes rain likely.

Unit-test style

Which statement about weather and climate is correct?

①Weather is the long-term average of a region

②Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air

③Temperature is measured with a hygrometer

④Climate changes from day to day

⑤The lower the humidity, the more likely it rains

▸ ② Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air

Humidity means the amount of water vapor contained in the air.

The long-term average is climate while weather changes daily (① and ④), temperature is measured with a thermometer (③), and higher humidity makes rain more likely (⑤).

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