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Grade 5 (age 10-11)

Plant Structure & Function

Plant Structure and Function

A plant's roots, stem, leaves, and flowers each do a different job. The roots soak up water and nutrients, and the stem carries them up to the leaves. In the leaves, sunlight turns water and carbon dioxide into the plant's own food, called photosynthesis. Tap each part and change the sunlight to see how photosynthesis works.

What Does a Plant Look Like?
🌱 Root — Role
①Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil
②They firmly anchor the plant in the ground
③Some roots store nutrients (carrots, sweet potatoes)
What is Photosynthesis?
70%
☀ Secrets of Photosynthesis
①Leaves capture sunlight energy
②Water (from roots) + CO₂ (from air) → glucose + O₂
③Glucose is the plant's food (energy source)
④Oxygen is what we need to breathe!
Summary
Photosynthesis Formula
Water + CO₂ + Light energy -> Glucose + O₂
Plants make food from sunlight by themselves
Plant Structure Summary
Root(absorb) + Stem(transport) + Leaf(photo) + Flower(repro)
All parts must cooperate for healthy growth
🎯 Key Points
①Root: absorb water/nutrients, anchor
②Stem: transport, support
③Leaf: photosynthesis, breathe (stomata)
④Flower: produce seeds, reproduction
⑤Photo = Water + CO₂ + Light → Glucose + O₂
Examples and Unit Test
Example 1
In a plant, which part absorbs water and nutrients, and which part makes food?
1
The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil.
2
The leaves capture sunlight and make food (glucose) through photosynthesis.
▸ Absorbs water/nutrients: roots / Makes food: leaves
Roots absorb water, and leaves make food by photosynthesis.
Example 2
What does photosynthesis in a leaf need, and what does it produce?
1
Photosynthesis needs water, carbon dioxide, and light energy.
2
In the leaf, water + carbon dioxide + light → glucose + oxygen.
▸ Needs: water, CO₂, light / Produces: glucose, oxygen
Photosynthesis in the leaf uses light energy to make food and oxygen.
Unit-test style
Which statement about plant structure and function is correct?
①The roots are where photosynthesis happens
②The leaves make food by photosynthesis
③The stem absorbs water and nutrients
④The flower transports water to the leaves
⑤Photosynthesis does not need light
▸ ② The leaves make food by photosynthesis
1
The leaf captures light and makes glucose by photosynthesis.
2
Roots absorb water and nutrients (① and ③), the stem transports them while the flower handles reproduction (④), and photosynthesis always needs light energy (⑤).
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Light & Lens
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Ecosystem