Grade 5 (age 10-11)

grade 5 Plant Structure & Function

Plant Structure and Function

A plant's roots, stem, leaves, and flowers each do a different job. The roots soak up water and nutrients, and the stem carries them up to the leaves. In the leaves, sunlight turns water and carbon dioxide into the plant's own food, called photosynthesis, and the flowers make seeds so the plant can reproduce. Tap the root, stem, leaf, and flower buttons and each job comes into view; change the sunlight and photosynthesis shows itself.

What Does a Plant Look Like?

🌱 Root — Role

①Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil

②They firmly anchor the plant in the ground

③Some roots store nutrients (carrots, sweet potatoes)

What is Photosynthesis?

Sunlight70%

☀ Secrets of Photosynthesis

①Leaves capture sunlight energy

②Water (from roots) + CO₂ (from air) → glucose + O₂

③Glucose is the plant's food (energy source)

④Oxygen is what we need to breathe!

Summary

Photosynthesis Formula

Water + CO₂ + Light energy -> Glucose + O₂

Plants make food from sunlight by themselves

Plant Structure Summary

Root(absorb) + Stem(transport) + Leaf(photo) + Flower(repro)

All parts must cooperate for healthy growth

🎯 Key Points

①Root: absorb water/nutrients, anchor

②Stem: transport, support

③Leaf: photosynthesis, breathe (stomata)

④Flower: produce seeds, reproduction

⑤Photo = Water + CO₂ + Light → Glucose + O₂

Examples and Unit Test

Example 1

In a plant, which part absorbs water and nutrients, and which part makes food?

The roots absorb water and minerals from the soil.

The leaves capture sunlight and make food (glucose) through photosynthesis.

▸ Absorbs water/nutrients: roots / Makes food: leaves

Roots absorb water, and leaves make food by photosynthesis.

Example 2

What does photosynthesis in a leaf need, and what does it produce?

Photosynthesis needs water, carbon dioxide, and light energy.

In the leaf, water + carbon dioxide + light → glucose + oxygen.

▸ Needs: water, CO₂, light / Produces: glucose, oxygen

Photosynthesis in the leaf uses light energy to make food and oxygen.

Unit-test style

Which statement about plant structure and function is correct?

①The roots are where photosynthesis happens

②The leaves make food by photosynthesis

③The stem absorbs water and nutrients

④The flower transports water to the leaves

⑤Photosynthesis does not need light

▸ ② The leaves make food by photosynthesis

The leaf captures light and makes glucose by photosynthesis.

Roots absorb water and nutrients (① and ③), the stem transports them while the flower handles reproduction (④), and photosynthesis always needs light energy (⑤).

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