まで
まで
hepburn made
until, up to, as far as
Part of speech · particle
Pattern visualization
no decomposition available
Examples
- 九時まで働きます。I work until 9.
- 東京から大阪まで電車で行きます。I go from Tokyo to Osaka by train.
Collocations
まで (made, until / to)〜から〜まで (kara〜made, from X to Y)まだまだ (madamada, far more — homophone of まだ)〜までに (made ni, by — deadline)いつまで (itsu made, until when)
Mnemonic
まで made — the partner of kara (from). Means "until / to / up to." Used for time, space, and range: "kuji made" (until 9), "Toukyou made" (to Tokyo), "gonin made" (up to 5 people). Critical split: made (endpoint of continuation, "until") vs made ni (deadline, "by"). "Goji made shigoto" (work until 5, continuous) vs "goji made ni teishutsu" (submit by 5). For deadlines, made ni is default. English "until / by" splits identically. PATCH-4 v3 note: time-particle splits are best learned by axis (continuation vs deadline).
Quick check
In "goji made ni teishutsu shite kudasai," what does made ni mean?