VocabularyJLPT N5 · core

勝つ

かつ
hepburn katsu

to win, to be victorious

Part of speech · godan-verb

Pattern visualization

no decomposition available

Examples

  1. 試合に勝った。
    I won the match.
  2. 誘惑に勝つ。
    I resist temptation.

Collocations

勝つ (katsu, to win)勝ち (kachi, victory)勝利 (shouri, victory)負ける (makeru, to lose)優勝 (yuushou, championship)

Mnemonic

Katsu (勝つ) is the godan verb for "to win" — kanji 勝 (shou, victory). Opposite pair: katsu vs makeru (負ける, to lose) — a "victory" verb couple separate from the transitive-intransitive system. Cluster: (1) games and matches — shiai ni katsu (win the match); (2) abstract "overcome" — yuuwaku ni katsu (resist temptation), jibun ni katsu (beat yourself); (3) outdo — tasha ni katsu (beat the competition). The 勝 kanji family: shouri (victory, formal), yuushou (championship), shoubu (a contest), shousha (winner), shouritsu (win rate, used in sports and gambling). Japan-specific vocabulary: katsudon (カツ丼, deep-fried-cutlet bowl, invented around Waseda University in 1922) plays on the katsu homophone — students and athletes eat katsudon before exams or matches so they "win." It anchors the goukaku kigan (passing-prayer) culture. Kit Kat in Japan also rides the wordplay kitto katsu (you will surely win), and Nestle Japan has marketed Kit Kat as a goukaku amulet since 2009. Korean and Chinese share the kanji 勝 with their respective on-yomi sheung and sheng; English win diverges. JLPT N5 katsu integrates with the katsudon-Kit-Kat cultural wordplay cluster.

Quick check

  1. Logic of the katsudon cultural superstition?

Listed inJLPT N5 · core
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