他
ほか
hepburn hoka
other, in addition
Part of speech · noun / adverb
Pattern visualization
no decomposition available
Examples
- 他に質問はありますか。Any other questions?
- 他の人を呼びます。I call another person.
Collocations
他 (hoka, other)他に (hoka ni, additionally / besides)他の (hoka no, other (modifier))その他 (sono hoka, others / etc.)他人 (tanin, stranger / outsider)
Mnemonic
他 hoka = "other." Reading split: kun ほか hoka (general, daily) vs on タ ta (compounds) — tanin (stranger / outsider), tasha (other company). The word tanin marks Japan uchi / soto (in-group / out-group) consciousness — referring to someone outside family or close friends with a strong distance. "Sono hoka" (others / etc.) at the end of meetings or documents matches English etc. / others. "Hoka ni nani ka?" (anything else?) is the business / service default. Korean "dareun / gita" splits similarly, but the Japanese tanin carries heavier social meaning.
Quick check
What distance does 他人 (tanin) imply in Japanese society?